The use of fossil fuels creates air pollution. A variety of air pollutants have known or suspected harmful effects on human health and the environment.

In the United States, these pollutants are principally the products of combustion from space heating, power generation or from motor vehicle traffic.

Pollutants from these sources may not only prove a problem in the immediate vicinity of these sources but can travel long distances, chemically reacting in the atmosphere to produce secondary pollutants such as acid rain or ozone.